Closes #24. Implements the direction agreed in the issue discussion, including option (a) for the quoted location hint: the deferred path is constrained at the parser level to a dotted name with an optional use-alias qualifier, and the quoted location hint becomes part of the grammar.

What changes

Grammar. deferred accepts Name, Name.field.sub, alias/Name, alias/Name.field, optionally followed by a quoted location hint on the same line. Calls, operators, comparisons, and parenthesised forms no longer parse as paths.

• In declaration position there is no division to disambiguate from, so / always introduces a qualifier and a missing name after it is a hard error — same rationale as fulfils alias/MyContract (9cd9463).
• The path stops before a dangling .: the declaration still forms (so the location-hint check keeps covering the line, warning under the TypeScript capture's name, dot included) and the leftover token errors at declaration level — identically in both front ends now that the extension surfaces WASM parse diagnostics (TypeScript analyzer discards WASM parse diagnostics #25/Surface WASM parse diagnostics in the TS analyzer (#25) #27).
• Line guards keep a dangling . or / from absorbing the next declaration's leading keyword across lines (newlines are not tokens and keywords are word tokens — caught while testing, with regression tests on both).
• deferred Foo.bar "detailed/foo.allium" previously emitted expected declaration ..., found string even though both analyzers' suppression predicate and the check-tool behaviour spec bless the form. It now parses, stored as location_hint on DeferredDecl.

AST. The path stays an Expr (Ident/QualifiedName/MemberAccess), per constraint 1 on the issue — collect_qualified_references and the WASM adapter consume it unchanged. DeferredDecl gains location_hint: Option<StringLiteral>; the TS mirror type follows.

Behaviour matrix (verified against both built analyzers):

Docs

• v3 language reference: deferred section documents the accepted path forms, the qualified form, and both hint conventions.
• rust-checker-parity.md §6: parity scope updated — malformed deferred lines now produce identical diagnostic sets on both sides.
• allium-check-tool-behaviour.allium: new DeferredPathConstrainedToDottedName rule.

Cross-repo follow-up

juxt/tree-sitter-allium mirrors the old grammar (deferred_declaration: seq("deferred", field("path", $._expression)), grammar.js:186). Once the shape is agreed here, the sibling change is roughly:

deferred_declaration: ($) =>
  seq("deferred", field("path", $.deferred_path), optional(field("hint", $.string_literal))),
deferred_path: ($) =>
  seq($.identifier, optional(seq("/", $.identifier)), repeat(seq(".", $.identifier))),

Verification

• cargo test --workspace: 559 tests pass (374 in the parser crate — 9 new grammar tests, 1 new analysis test).
• npm run test against the rebuilt WASM: 330 pass (2 new wasm-adapter tests); npm run lint: 0 errors (2 pre-existing warnings on main).
• Versioning note: per docs/versioning.md rule 1 this is a grammar change → minor bump (3.3.0) at release time; not bumped in this PR, matching how 9cd9463 landed.

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